Wednesday, April 15th, 2009. British Arctic Air-Route Expedition.
The Scott Polar Research Institute has catalogued and made available on-line for research over 20,000 photographs from 1845-1960. Among the most visually impacting resources into British and international polar exploration, there are several of both Inuit and members of the British Arctic Air Route Expedition (BAARE) of 1930-31 rolling and hunting from their kayaks. The assimilation of Inuit skills by the expedition members most of whom lived in quasi-conjugal association with Inuit women, that these images show exceed the accounts that belittle the influence of British explorers, geologists and geographers in linking the Inuit origins of kayaking with the development of the modern sport.
Between 1930 and 1931 the British Arctic Air Route Expedition investigated a new and shorter air passage between England and Canada. This proposed air route that would cross the Arctic via the Faroes, Iceland, Greenland, Baffin Island and Hudson Bay before reaching Winnipeg was researched under the patronage of the Royal Geographical Society and support from the British Air Ministry, Admiralty and War Office. The aim of the expedition was to survey the least known part of the flight path, the east coast and central ice plateau of Greenland. By monitoring weather conditions, crossing the ice sheet by dogsled and aeroplane, as well as surveying part of the mountainous coast, it would report on flying conditions and the possibility of establishing an air base in the region. Organised and led by Henry (Gino) Watkins, the BAARE consisted of fourteen men with an average age of 25 and little Polar experience between them.
The expedition left London on the Shackleton’s old vessel, ‘Quest’, on July 6th, 1930, establishing a base camp 40 miles west of Angmagssalik (now Ammassalik). A station was also established 140 miles from base camp on the Ice Cap at the highest point on the proposed air route.
In the late summer 1931 a combined sledge and kayak journey was made across the Ice Cap from the base to Holsteinsborg on the west coast. A final trip by boat was made by Watkins and three others around the southeast coast to Julianehaab on the west coast. This was a journey of nearly 600 miles, made with minimal equipment and relying on hunting seals from kayaks and shooting birds for their food. Using skills they learnt form the local Inuit, this form of lightweight expedition added a new element in Arctic exploration.
The party returned in Autumn 1931 and the expedition’s success was acknowledged by the award to Watkins of the Hans Egede medal in Copenhagen and the founder’s medal from the Royal Geographical Society in London. In addition, the polar medal was awarded to all the Expedition members, the first for Arctic service for nearly sixty years.
After the first patrons reduced their support, the Air Ministry withdrew its patronage altogether, and some of the members of the original expedition ended in the pay of Pan American Airways, who employed them of further exploratory work in East Greenland.
Used copies in good state of Northern Lights: The Official Account of the British Arctic Air-Route Expedition written by Frederick Spencer Chapman with a foreword by Admiral Richard E. Byrd, still may be found.












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